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RAN/RAS

Rapid Automatized Naming and Alternating Stimulus Tests

Maryanne Wolf, EdD, and Martha Bridge Denckla, MD

Purpose:
Assesses ability to recognize visual symbols
Format:
Paper and pencil
Age range:
5 years to 18 years, 11 months
Time:
5-10 minutes
Qualification level:
B
B
A degree from an accredited 4-year college or university in psychology, counseling, speech-language pathology, or a closely related field plus satisfactory completion of coursework in test interpretation, psychometrics and measurement theory, educational statistics, or a closely related area; or license or certification from an agency that requires appropriate training and experience in the ethical and competent use of psychological tests. Close

Quick to administer and easy to score, the RAN/RAS tests assess children’s and adolescents’ ability to perceive a visual symbol and name it accurately and rapidly, effectively aiding in the identification of children who have reading disabilities.

An important component of any diagnostic assessment of oral and written language

  • The tests consist of rapid automatized naming tests (i.e., letters, numbers, objects, colors) and two rapid alternating stimulus tests (i.e., two-set letters and numbers; three-set letters, numbers, and colors). The examinee is asked to accurately name each stimulus item as quickly as possible.
  • Scores are based on the amount of time used to name all stimuli on each test.

Reliability and validity results support efficacy

  • Test-retest reliability coefficients ranged from .84 to .92 for all age groups, with a test-retest interval of approximately 2 weeks. Interrater reliabilities indicate a high level of agreement between raters, with coefficients ranging from .98 to .99.
  • Good evidence of validity, including content-description validity, criterion-prediction validity, and construct-identification validity, is provided.
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